- Edited
I'm afraid I've found a solution myself: specifying ldaps:// before the hostname and adding :636 at the end of server name, and disabling the TLS option allowed me to authenticate users. In fact, I was confusing two different concepts: using LDAPS over SSL - which is my current scenario, and using LDAP over TLS, which is not. So if you're experiencing issues regarding LDAPS, try using a fully qualified server name (starting with ldaps:// and ending with :636) and unchecking TLS, hope also works for you.